Etalin Hydropower Project: Key Tribal, Ecological & Governance Concerns Resurface

Why in the News?

The Project Affected Peoples Forum (PAPF) of Arunachal Pradesh has asked NHPC Ltd to re-employ all local workers previously engaged in the Etalin Hydroelectric Project (EHEP). This follows the Central Government’s recent decision to transfer the project from SJVN Limited to NHPC, reviving local livelihood and rehabilitation concerns.

What is the Etalin Hydroelectric Project?

About

• The Etalin Hydroelectric Project (EHEP) is a proposed 3,097 MW hydropower project in the Dibang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh.
• It is planned on the Dri and Talo rivers, both tributaries of the Dibang River.
• It is one of India’s largest proposed hydropower projects in terms of installed capacity.

Design & Technical Features

• EHEP consists of two run-of-the-river schemes, designed to maximise generation while reducing large reservoir impacts.
• The project includes two concrete gravity dams.
• Execution responsibility has been transferred to NHPC Limited.

Ecological Importance of the Region

• The project site lies in the richest biogeographical province of the Himalayan zone, considered part of a global mega-biodiversity hotspot.
• The Dibang Valley hosts rare flora and fauna, including several endemic, endangered, and climate-sensitive species.
• Forest diversion concerns have been raised repeatedly due to the presence of old-growth subtropical and temperate forests.

Socio-Cultural Significance

• The area is predominantly inhabited by the Idu-Mishmi tribe, one of Arunachal Pradesh’s major indigenous communities.
• Local groups have consistently highlighted issues of:
  • Livelihood loss
  • Cultural disruption
  • Ecological risks affecting traditional lands
• Re-employment and adequate local participation remain key demands.