Annatto

Context

Recently, according to information provided by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), the CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, initiated four grant-funded projects related to the study and development of Annatto. The objective of these projects is to further the scientific understanding of natural food colors and their associated health benefits.

What is Annatto ?

• Annatto is a natural food coloring and flavoring substance obtained from the seeds of the Achiote tree, native to the tropical regions of the Americas.
• Its scientific name is 'Bixa Orellana'. It is also known as the 'Lipstick Tree'. Annatto is considered to account for approximately 70% of natural food colorings used worldwide.

Uses in the Food Industry

• Annatto is used to impart a yellow to orange color to many food products. These include:
  • Cheese, butter, and yogurt
  • Sausages and smoked fish
  • Ice cream and various bakery products
• Its attractive color is due to carotenoids, which are natural pigments found in plants and are present in the outer covering of the seed.
• Annatto is commonly used in powder or paste form. Color extracted from the seeds is also added to foods.
• It is also used as a flavoring in some dishes. Excessive use in recipes can result in a slightly pungent taste with a nutty and floral aroma.
• Annatto is considered safe for most people when consumed in moderate amounts. However, some sensitive individuals may experience allergic reactions, so caution is advised.

Health Benefits of Annatto

• Annatto has been linked to several potential health benefits, including:
  • Helping reduce inflammation
  • Improving eye and heart health
  • Having potential anti-cancer properties
  • It is also rich in several important antimicrobial compounds that may help inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites.
• Annatto is rich in antioxidants that help protect cells from damage by neutralizing the effects of harmful free radicals in the body.
• Additionally, it is high in tocotrienols, a potent form of vitamin E. According to some studies, it may help maintain strong and healthy bones.