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Multidimensional Poverty Index

  • The first-ever Multi-dimensional Poverty Index (MPI) prepared by NITI Aayog reveals that Bihar has the highest proportion of people who are multi-dimensionally poor (51.91%) followed by Jharkhand (42.16%) and Uttar Pradesh (37.79%).
  • Bihar also has the highest number of malnourished people followed by Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh.
  • Kerala (0.71), Goa (3.76), and Sikkim (3.82) have the lowest percentage of population being multi-dimensionally poor. Among the Union Territories, Dadra and Nagar Haveli (27.36), Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh (12.58), Daman & Diu (6.82) and Chandigarh (5.97), have emerged as the poorest UTs in India. The proportion of poor in Puducherry at 1.72% is the lowest among the Union Territories.
  • This baseline report of the national MPI measure is based on the reference period of 2015-16 of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS). The MPI has three dimensions of equal weightage - health, education, and standard of living, which in turn are represented by 12 indicators such as nutrition, school attendance, years of schooling, drinking water, sanitation, housing, bank accounts among others.
  • The MPI uses the globally accepted methodology developed by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
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