International Day against Violence and Bullying at School: Theme, Major laws and organisations, Challenges

Why in news?

The International Day against Violence and Bullying at School, including Cyberbullying, is observed every year on the first Thursday of November. In 2026, it will be observed on 5 November.

Key Facts

Understanding School Violence and Bullying

• School violence refers to any form of physical, psychological or sexual violence that occurs in or around educational institutions, including online spaces connected with education.
• Major forms are: 

What is Cyberbullying?

• Cyberbullying refers to the use of digital technologies to threaten, harass, humiliate or intimidate another person.
• It can occur through social media platforms, online gaming platforms, e-mails and digital discussion forums and sharing private photographs or personal information without consent.

Global Scenario: Important Statistics

Impact of Bullying on Students

• Mental Health Problems: Anxiety, depression, stress and loss of self-confidence.
• Poor Academic Performance: Difficulty concentrating, declining grades and reduced classroom participation.
• School Absenteeism: Victims may avoid school due to fear and insecurity.
• Social Isolation: Difficulty developing friendships and trusting others.
• Long-term Consequences: Emotional trauma and difficulties in social relationships may continue into adulthood.

International Frameworks and Initiatives

India's Efforts to Prevent School Violence and Bullying

A. Constitutional Provisions

B. Important Laws and Guidelines

• Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009
  • Section 17 prohibits physical punishment and mental harassment of children.
  • Violations may lead to disciplinary action under applicable service rules.
  • Section 31 provides for monitoring of children's right to education.
• Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012
  • Protects children below 18 years from sexual assault, sexual harassment and pornography.
  • Provides for child-friendly procedures and Special Courts.
  • Section 19 provides for mandatory reporting of offences covered by the Act.
• National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR)
  • Established under the Commission for Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005.
  • Works to protect and promote children's rights.
  • Provides guidelines and recommendations for preventing bullying and cyberbullying in schools.
• Guidelines on School Safety and Security, 2021
  • Developed by the Department of School Education and Literacy, Ministry of Education.
  • Applicable to government, government-aided and private schools.
  • Emphasises reporting incidents of physical violence, sexual violence, bullying and injuries.
  • These guidelines are advisory in nature.
• NCPCR Guidelines for Preventing Bullying and Cyberbullying
  • NCPCR has issued specific guidelines for schools.
  • Focuses on prevention, identification, reporting and response mechanisms.
  • Encourages schools to establish a safe and supportive environment for children.

C. Important Institutions

Major Challenges in Eliminating School Bullying

• Lack of Awareness: Students, parents and teachers may not recognise psychological bullying and cyberbullying.
• Weak Implementation: School safety guidelines may not be effectively implemented in every institution.
• Digital Challenges: Anonymous accounts, fake profiles and rapid circulation of harmful content make cyberbullying difficult to control.
• Lack of Counsellors: Many schools do not have adequate trained mental-health professionals.
• Social Discrimination: Caste, gender, disability, economic background and other forms of prejudice can increase students' vulnerability.

FAQs