GS Paper-2

From Revolution to Succession: Understanding Iran’s Supreme Leadership and the Power Pyramid

06-Mar-2026

The assassination of Ali Khamenei, Iran’s 86-year-old Supreme Leader, in a joint US–Israeli attack has marked the end of a defining chapter in the Islamic Republic’s post-1979 leadership.

Energy Under Pressure: Hormuz Disruption and India’s Pivot Back to Russian Crude

06-Mar-2026

Amid disruptions in oil flows through the Strait of Hormuz due to escalating West Asia conflict, the Indian government and public sector refiners are considering increasing imports of Russian crude to maintain supply continuity.

Grassroots Goals, Global Vision: Football for Schools Initiative and India’s Sporting Transformation

06-Mar-2026

The Union Minister of State for Education & Development of North Eastern Region distributed footballs at PM SHRI Kendriya Vidyalaya, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal, under the Football for Schools (F4S) Programme.

From Pre-emptive Strike to Regional Shockwave: Israel–US Action in Tehran and the West Asian Escalation

02-Mar-2026

On February 28, 2026, Israel conducted a daylight strike on Tehran, calling it a pre-emptive operation against Iran’s nuclear infrastructure. US President Donald Trump confirmed American involvement, and the US Department of Defense named the operation Operation Epic Fury.

Securing Strategic Resources: India–Brazil Critical Minerals Pact and the New Supply Chain Diplomacy

02-Mar-2026

India and Brazil signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on rare earths and critical minerals during the visit of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva to India in February 2026.

Pakistan–Afghanistan Tensions: Historical Fault Lines Behind the Latest Escalation

28-Feb-2026

Pakistan and Afghanistan have entered a sharp new phase of hostilities after Pakistan carried out airstrikes in Kabul and other provinces following a cross-border attack on its troops. Pakistan’s Defence Minister described the situation as an “open war” with the Taliban-led Afghan government.

‘Bulldozer Justice’ Under Judicial Scrutiny: Due Process and Constitutional Limits

27-Feb-2026

Recent observations by the Allahabad High Court have renewed scrutiny of the practice termed “bulldozer justice” in Uttar Pradesh, where properties of individuals accused of crimes are demolished soon after allegations surface.

India-Brazil Strategic Partnership

25-Feb-2026

During the recent visit of Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva to New Delhi, the two countries elevated their bilateral relations to a new level by signing a total of nine important agreements, including one on rare earth elements.

Kerala to Keralam: Constitutional Procedure, Cultural Identity and Federal Dimensions

25-Feb-2026

The Union Cabinet has approved the proposal to rename the State of Kerala as Keralam, reflecting the linguistic and cultural identity of the Malayalam-speaking population.

The proposed Kerala (Alteration of Name) Bill, 2026 will now be referred to the Kerala Legislative Assembly under Article 3 of the Constitution, after which Parliament will consider amending the First Schedule.

PM Modi in Tel Aviv: The Strategic Evolution of India–Israel Relations

25-Feb-2026

Prime Minister Narendra Modi is on an official visit to Tel Aviv, marking his first trip to Israel since his landmark 2017 visit — the first-ever by an Indian Prime Minister after diplomatic ties were established in 1992.